Test older seeds before sowing

Set up a small labelled sample

Count a simple sample, for example ten seeds, and place them on a suitable damp medium such as kitchen paper in an appropriate container. Record the variety and date. The medium needs moisture but the seeds should not sit in stagnant water.

Respect the species requirements

Seeds do not all germinate at the same speed or temperature. Some also have particular light requirements. Follow the requirements for the species being tested; an unsuitable cold or hot location can make a viable seed lot appear poor. Keep the sample under suitable conditions and check it regularly.

Count healthy seedlings

After the normal species-specific germination interval, record seedlings that have developed normally rather than only counting the first visible sign of growth. A very small sample gives a rough guide, not a precise laboratory germination percentage. If the result seems surprising, repeat with another sample if enough seed remains.

Use the result to plan

A weak result may mean that fresh seed is the more predictable option. In some situations growers can adjust sowing density, but it is important to distinguish poor seed quality from an unsuitable test environment. Compare seed lots rather than assuming age alone determines germination.

Avoid false certainty

A test of ten seeds is useful as a practical household check, but one extra germinated seed changes the apparent percentage substantially. Use the results alongside the seed's storage history and the intended sowing conditions. Testing important varieties before the main sowing date leaves time to find alternatives if necessary.

Keep the advice in context

These practical recommendations follow the German Gartenjahr guide. They are not fixed dates or guarantees: climate, soil, plant variety and local weather conditions all affect the best decision. Check original plant information and your own growing conditions before acting.

Read the corresponding detailed German article.